APES Infectious Disease General Notes - Shope

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• 5 classes of infectious disease
o A – blood borne – HIV
o B – respiratory – TB
o C – diarrheal – cholera
o D – parasitic – malaria
o E – contact - STDs

• disease vectors (vector = a mode of transfer; how a disease is carried)
o insects – mosquito, tick, etc.
o water/food – usually intestinal diseases
o airborne – usually respiratory diseases

• 4 classes of pathogens (pathogen = anything causing disease)
o bacteria
o virus
o parasites – worms, fungus
o protozoans
o note: some chemicals cause disease but are classified as toxins

• epidemiology
o the branch of medicine dealing with the study and control of disease

• epidemic
o a widespread disease

• pandemic
o an epidemic in a very wide area (a country or the entire world)

• endemic
o (of a people); restricted to a local population or group

• Lister
o late 1800s
o campaigned for more cleanliness on part of doctors
o (at a time when people didn’t worry about germs, etc.)

• Tuberculosis (TB)
o #1 infectious disease
o has killed more people than any other disease
o a.k.a. “consumption”
o (more notes on TB later)

• worst epidemic diseases… #1 = bubonic plague, #2 = HIV/AIDS

• drug resistance
o MDR = multi-drug resistant
o DR = drug resistant
o MR = multi-resistant
o ex. – MRSA